Education

Introduction

“Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.”

— William Butler Yeats

From a very young age, we were told to strive, to take tests, to win. But no one ever told us where “knowledge” could actually take us. We learned to solve problems with formulas, yet couldn’t use them to interpret life. We memorized entire biology textbooks, yet never saw what a real lab looked like. Our upbringing was like a closed track: someone pointed to the “right direction,” but never encouraged us to take hold of the steering wheel ourselves. We used to believe science was meant for geniuses, not for ordinary people. We used to believe education was for scores, not for sparking something within.

Until we stepped onto the path of iGEM. We began trying to turn microbes into medicine, to use bacteria in the fight against cancer. We designed experiments, combed through research, built models, communicated, failed, and tried again—and suddenly, the abstract knowledge we once knew gained weight, and warmth. “Life is finite, but knowledge is infinite.” Only when we started doing knowledge—rather than just learning—did we realize how much we truly knew. We finally understood that “learning” was never a one-way street, but a winding, trial-and-error, setback-filled, and upward spiraling journey.

So we wanted to change something, even if just a small bit. We stepped into classrooms to tell children stories of science and life. We designed experimental activities to show them that bacteria were not dirty things, but materials for engineering. We organized lectures, not to fill their minds, but to plant a spark in their hearts. Education is not a toolbox, but a matchbox. You never know which match you strike will ignite someone’s life.

“The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be kindled.”

— Plutarch

“Learn, and then you know your inadequacies; teach, and then you know your limitations.” We also realized the difficulty of education through the endless questions from children. It is not difficult because of the complexity of knowledge, but because of the gap in communication: we must let go of our instinct to “preach” and learn to “understand their world.” Someone asked us, what can one activity change? We couldn’t answer clearly. But we remembered a quote — “Even the smallest spark can ignite a wildfire.” That fire may not burn now, but perhaps years later, in a book, a class, or a decision, it will quietly reignite. We do not expect an immediate echo. But we are willing to bend down time and time again, passing out sparks. Education is never a final decree, but a repeated approach, a constant exploration.

Therefore, we set a larger goal for ourselves: to build an educational system covering all age groups. We divided it into two main lines:

We are willing to transform ourselves into matches, lighting up different stages of life. Perhaps the flame is short-lived, but as long as someone picks it up, it will never go out.


How We Plan

Education is never a straight line, but a complex network interwoven by different ages, stages, and life backgrounds. We quickly realized that if we only used one method to address everyone, it would be like trying to open all doors with one key—some doors are bound to stay locked. Children’s worlds are driven by curiosity, teenagers’ worlds are intertwined with logic and expression, university students wander between freedom and confusion; while in middle and old age, people care more about health, companionship, and reminders. Therefore, we decided to build a layered and progressive educational plan starting from age groups.

flowchart

School-age Stage — “Integrated Synthetic Biology Curriculum”

At the school-age stage, our goal is to let children’s curiosity gradually grow into understanding, let understanding extend into thinking, and let thinking settle into habits, ultimately being able to give back to society.

We ignite interest through engaging activities (clay cell models, bacterial art) and book clubs, so they can first realize that science can be “seen” and “touched.”

We set up humorous and engaging classrooms, guiding students through a chain of questions to help them gradually understand abstract scientific concepts.

We use logically complete and well-structured lectures, combined with bacterial experiments, so they can experience the weight of science through both rational analysis and practical operations.

We introduce the iGEM competition in club presentations, helping them plan their research paths in advance; at the same time, we hold cross-disciplinary exhibitions to let science and art illuminate each other at a higher level.

Middle-Aged and Elderly Stage — “Reminder & Care-Based Education”

For middle-aged and elderly people, we do not aim to make them remember many knowledge points, but hope to use a gentle approach to protect the experience they already possess and repeatedly remind and affirm it in daily life.

This is our initial educational vision: not a single template, but a detailed blueprint. It attempts to cater to the pace and needs of different age groups, both igniting sparks in children through exploration and reassuring elders through reminders.


How We Started

After proposing the idea of a “comprehensive curriculum for all age groups,” we first needed to confirm one thing: our education was not aimless. Therefore, we chose to start from reality, using data to hear the voices of the public. We created a survey, as we do not believe in “universal standard answers.” Different people have different life rhythms and different paths to understanding. A middle school student who is just beginning to study biology and a cancer patient who has just been diagnosed will have vastly different mental images when they hear the word “cancer.” That’s why we decided to start with “people,” not “knowledge.” We boldly speculated that the public’s knowledge of cancer was not as deep as we thought, and that triple-negative breast cancer was a concept that was almost entirely unknown; we also suspected that, even if the public didn’t know much, they were not uninterested. They simply lacked a clear and simple way to learn about it. To verify this guess, we designed and distributed a cancer awareness survey to see the real response from the world.

305 responses came in, and what we saw was a complex yet real response: only one-third of participants knew that the fundamental mechanism of cancer was uncontrolled cell growth, rather than “some kind of toxic substance”; as many as 60% of participants could not identify the missing receptors in triple-negative breast cancer; but at the same time, more than 70% of people expressed a willingness to learn more about the direction we were studying— even if it sounded “a bit complicated”: making bacteria partners in cancer treatment. These responses reinforced our belief: education is necessary, and it must be clear and accessible.

We realized that the so-called “knowledge gap” was never an issue of ability, but rather a failure in communication. From that point on, before each activity, we would proactively consult with education experts and teachers to understand our audience: who they were, what they might be interested in, and what they might be confused about. We designed lecture modules, interactive experiments, and visual materials tailored to different groups. We took the feedback and questions we had collected, revised our content, and returned to classrooms, communities, and lecture halls. It wasn’t about starting over but adding another layer on top of the existing foundation. In other words, the survey didn’t just tell us “whether we should do it,” but also guided us on “how to do it.”

The significance of education is not to make everyone master the same knowledge, but to ensure that everyone knows they have the right to understand the world. After many internal discussions, we finally finalized our education plan. We all agreed that education should not be limited by age. It is never just for “children,” nor should it be assumed that it is always a one-way relationship where “elders teach younger people.” Anyone who is interested in life has the right to approach knowledge and understand science. Based on the real feedback from the survey, we decided to formulate different educational strategies according to age groups—not because age determines level, but because each life stage has its own way of understanding, thinking path, and life background. Dividing our educational forms by age is not to draw boundaries, but to make our communication more logical and more empathetic.

There is an old saying in China:“The student is not necessarily inferior to the teacher, and the teacher is not necessarily superior in every way to the student.” This means that “students are not necessarily worse than teachers, and teachers are not always better than students in every aspect.” Everyone has their own strengths and areas of expertise, and the real educational relationship is not about overwhelming teaching and learning, but mutual inspiration and resonance. As another familiar saying goes, “Teaching and learning mutually enrich each other.”

We have always believed that through repeatedly explaining “what synthetic biology is,” “what cancer is,” and “what bacteria can do,” we are also reinterpreting the boundaries of knowledge, and even discovering gaps we hadn’t noticed through the students’ questions. This is also the starting point for the “replicable and scalable” comprehensive education model for all age groups—it comes from real problems and serves the real need. If you are willing to keep reading, you will see that our teaching process is never about “one-way transmission,” but more about co-creation and mutual exploration. We truly gained new knowledge, perspectives, and even confidence from these classrooms, lectures, and interactions.


How We Implemented It

If “planning” is the blueprint, then “implementation” is the real-world execution. We knew clearly that educational activities cannot just be isolated events; they must aim toward a common goal—building a truly comprehensive educational system for all age groups.

Therefore, with each activity, we continuously ask: Does this segment serve the overall goal? Does it provide verification and improvement for our final “Spark Classroom” and “Guardian Care” courses? It is through these questions that we continuously step into schools, communities, laboratories, and exhibition halls, piecing together small attempts into a complete educational picture.

Next, we will showcase the courses we implemented at each stage: they may seem independent, but they are all intertwined with our larger goal, each one connected to the next.

Spark Classroom

Guardian Classroom

Conclusion

“Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.” — Yeats’ words echoed in our hearts throughout this journey.

From the initial survey, we identified the gaps in public knowledge; stepping into middle school classrooms, where Ms. Fang Yun reminded us that logic and rhythm are the backbone of a class; to the silent reading club, where Ms. Zhang Hairong taught us that background and context are the keys to understanding. Then, in high school classrooms, we first clearly explained the research to students; in the summer school TA role, Professor Yongtao Zhu taught us the importance of balancing “hands-on” and “minds-on” learning; and in elementary school classrooms, where children shaped cells with clay, we first saw that knowledge can truly be “touched.”

The Cold Spring Harbor Asia DNA Learning Center summer school activities helped us integrate AI and experimental operations across disciplines, allowing children to “see” the creativity of life in two ways.

At the same time, we did not limit education to school-age groups. We entered communities, engaging with middle-aged and elderly people. The health talk at the badminton match reminded us that education can be integrated into their familiar daily lives; the feedback from the community survey made us realize that gentle reminders and sincere companionship are more touching than one-way preaching. This led us to gradually understand that another main line of education is not “teaching,” but “guarding.”

All these experiences culminated in our final reflection: these were not isolated activities but interconnected, iterative cycles. Every lesson, every interaction was a process of “design — practice — test — feedback.” It is through this cycle that we gradually consolidated and summarized the All-Ages Integrated Education Model.

This model has two main lines:

For school-age groups

ignite interest → establish understanding → strengthen thinking → internalize habits → give back to society;

research

For middle-aged and elderly groups

acknowledge existing knowledge → gently remind → low-barrier small actions → solidify healthy habits → community resonance.

research

These lines did not exist at the beginning but gradually formed through continuous refinement, correction, and verification in practice. Today, we present it as a replicable and scalable educational blueprint, hoping that future iGEM teams will find reference and inspiration in it.

Education is never a final decree but a continuous relay. A single spark can ignite a prairie fire — the spark we pass on will eventually be ignited in different hearts.