Suzhou University Laboratory Safety Training Assessment

General Knowledge

1. Students must receive safety education and training, and pass the assessment before entering the laboratory to study or work. (√)

2. After the experiment, clean up, organize, or remove waste samples or items. (√)

3. Bicycles, electric vehicles, etc., are not allowed to be parked in the laboratory. (√)

4. To prevent theft, the door must be closed when temporarily leaving the laboratory. (√)

5. Before leaving the laboratory, check that doors, windows, and water taps are properly closed, and that ventilation equipment, drinking water facilities, computers, air conditioners, etc., are powered off. (√)

6. Conducting experiments in the laboratory during holidays or vacations must be approved by the supervisor and reported to the department for record. (√)

7. Personal items can be piled up in the laboratory. (×)8. One of the main reasons for water overflow on the laboratory floor is forgetting to turn off the tap, especially when the water supply is stopped. Therefore, check carefully before leaving the laboratory. (√)

8. One of the main reasons for water overflow on the laboratory floor is forgetting to turn off the tap, especially when the water supply is stopped. Therefore, check carefully before leaving the laboratory. (√)

9. When leaving the laboratory, lab coats must not be worn outside; they must be taken off and left in the lab, and certainly not taken home. (√)

10. A sign with the name and contact information of the safety responsible person should be hung at the laboratory entrance. (√)

11. The distribution of laboratory keys is managed by the laboratory responsible person; keys must not be privately duplicated or lent to others. (√)

12. The laboratory should be kept neat and orderly; no noise, horseplay, or smoking is allowed. (√)

13. Students must receive safety education and training, and pass the assessment before entering the laboratory to study or work. (√)

14. Food can be stored in the laboratory refrigerator or freezer. (×)

15. As long as it does not affect the experiment, one can set up a bed to sleep in the clean area of the laboratory. (×)

16. When the weather is hot in summer, open-toed shoes can be worn in the laboratory. (×)

17. Laboratory safety and hygiene work should adhere to the principle of "safety first, prevention为主 (primary)." (√)

18. Maintain a clean laboratory environment, achieving cleanliness of the floor, desktop, and equipment to reduce safety hazards. (√)

Fire Safety（Multiple Choice）

1. Which of the following fire extinguishing equipment is not suitable for extinguishing electrical fires? (C) A. Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher; B. Dry powder fire extinguisher; C. Foam fire extinguisher; D. Fire sand

2. The sequence for using a portable fire extinguisher is (A). A. Pull out the pin/ring, aim the nozzle at the fire source, press the handle (lever); B. Aim the nozzle at the fire source, pull out the pin/ring, press the handle (lever); C. Press the handle (lever), aim the nozzle at the fire source, pull out the pin/ring

3. In case of an electrical fire, the first measure to take is (B). A. Call the police; B. Cut off the power supply; C. Extinguish the open flame; D. Call for help

4. What should be done before using a fire extinguisher? (C, D) A. Shake the fire extinguisher; B. Test the nozzle; C. Check the pressure gauge on the fire extinguisher; D. Check the condition of the fire extinguisher

5. Under normal circumstances, the validity period of a dry powder fire extinguisher can reach (C) years. A. 5-6 years; B. 1-2 years; C. 3-5 years; D. Over 10 years

6. To extinguish a flammable gas fire, use (C) to put it out. A. Foam fire extinguisher; B. Water; C. Dry powder fire extinguisher

7. If a fire breaks out in a building, one should (A). A. Escape via the evacuation route; B. Escape by elevator; C. Wait for rescue on site; D. Go check the fire source

8. In case of fire, cover your mouth and nose with (A), and quickly escape the fire scene by crawling or bending low. A. Wet towel; B. Hand; C. Dry towel; D. Quilt, etc.

9. When using a fire extinguisher, the spray should be aimed at the (D) of the flame. A. Above; B. Upper part; C. Middle part; D. Root

10. When using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, the person should stand (A). A. Upwind or crosswind; B. Downwind; C. No fixed position; D. More than 10 meters away from the fire point

11. The type of fire extinguisher that should be equipped in school teaching buildings is (A). A. ABC dry powder fire extinguisher; B. BC dry powder fire extinguisher; C. Foam fire extinguisher

12. The pressure gauge on a fire extinguisher uses red, yellow, and green to indicate the pressure status. When the pointer is in the green area, it indicates (A). A. Normal; B. High; C. Low;

13. When a fire occurs in a relatively closed room (A). A. Do not open doors and windows arbitrarily; B. Only open the window; C. Only open the door

True or False

1. When a circuit or electrical appliance catches fire, use a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher to put it out. (√)

2. Common laboratory fire extinguishing methods: using water, sand/soil, fire extinguishers. (√)

3. When a liquid catches fire, use a fire extinguisher; do not use water or beat it with other items. (√)

4. When a building fire occurs, taking the elevator for evacuation is fast, safe, and labor-saving. (×)

5. When using a portable fire extinguisher, pull out the safety pin, aim at the base of the fire, press the lever hard, and the extinguishing agent will spray out to put out the fire. (√)

6. If trapped by thick smoke in a fire, quickly stand up and run out of the fire scene. (×)

7. Laboratories should be equipped with appropriate fire-fighting equipment. Personnel participating in experiments should be familiar with their storage locations and usage methods, and master relevant fire extinguishing knowledge. (√)

8. Laboratories must be equipped with fire-fighting equipment that meets the requirements of the room. Fire-fighting equipment should be placed in conspicuous or easily accessible locations. It is strictly forbidden for anyone to move fire-fighting equipment for other uses under any pretext. (√)

9. When a fire occurs, leave the fire scene as quickly as possible along the evacuation signs and safety exit directions. (√)

10. If the exit is blocked by fire and there is no way out, use soaked quilts and clothing to block the door gaps, splash water on the door to lower the temperature, to delay the spread of the fire, and call for help while waiting for rescue. (√)

11. Once a fire starts in the laboratory, do not panic. Use fire-fighting equipment and take effective measures to control and extinguish the fire. (√)

12. After a fire occurs, when passing through thick smoke to escape, stay as close to the ground as possible and cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel. (√)

13. After a fire occurs, when threatened by the fire, immediately decide to put on soaked clothing, quilts, etc., and rush towards the safety exit. (√)

14. After a fire occurs, when all escape routes are blocked by fire, immediately return indoors and send distress signals to the outside window by using flashlights, waving clothing, shouting, etc., and wait for rescue. (√)

15. The isolation fire extinguishing method separates combustibles from the ignition source or oxygen, which can prevent the fire from continuing to expand. (√)

16. Fire extinguishers can be divided into portable and wheeled types according to their mobility. (√)

17. When extinguishing a fire outdoors, stand upwind. (√)

18. The four methods of fire extinguishing are isolation, smothering, cooling, and chemical inhibition. (√)

19. When instrument equipment electricity or circuits malfunction and cause a fire, immediately cut off the site's power supply, evacuate personnel, and organize personnel to use fire extinguishers to put out the fire. (√)

20. Common laboratory fire extinguishing methods: using water, sand/soil, fire extinguishers. (√)

21. When thick smoke appears in the experiment building/lab building due to a fire, leave quickly. When thick smoke has penetrated into the laboratory, crawl along the ground because the air near the ground is fresher, making it less likely to be poisoned and suffocated, which is beneficial for escape. When reaching the door, never stand up to open it to avoid being overwhelmed by large amounts of smoke. (√)

22. When escaping to the outdoor corridor due to a fire in the laboratory, try to close the door behind you. This can block the rapid spread of the fire following movement and increase effective escape time. (√)

23. Never take the elevator when a fire occurs in the experiment building/lab building because the elevator may lose power or control, and due to the "chimney effect," elevator shafts often become channels for thick smoke. (√)

24. If trapped indoors during a fire in the laboratory, quickly turn on the tap, fill all water-holding containers with water, and wet towels. Covering the mouth with a wet towel can block some thick smoke from being inhaled. (√)

25. For electrical line fires, first cut off the power supply, then use a dry powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. Do not pour water directly to prevent electric shock or electrical explosion injuries. (√)

26. Water can be used to extinguish electrical equipment fires. (×)

27. If trapped in an elevator, try to pry the door open to escape. (×)

28. Combustion requires three major conditions: combustibles, oxidizers, and an ignition source; none can be missing. Therefore, isolation can be adopted to prevent laboratory fires. (√)

29. Do not block laboratory escape routes. (√)

30. High-energy electrical equipment such as ovens, microwaves, induction cookers, water heaters, and sterilizers should be placed away from flammable and explosive materials. At the same time, operate them standardly to avoid dry firing of water heaters and sterilizers. (√)

31. Laboratories must properly keep fire-fighting equipment and anti-theft devices, and inspect them regularly. Fire-fighting equipment must not be used for other purposes, and堆放杂物 (clutter) is prohibited around them. (√)

Electrical Safety（Multiple Choice）

1. If a fire is caused by electrical appliances, and if permitted, what must be done first? (B) A. Find a suitable fire extinguisher to fight the fire; B. Turn off the power of all switches; C. Shout loudly

2. Which of the following statements about safe electricity use is incorrect? (C) AThe metal shell of some instruments and equipment may not need to be connected to a ground wire; B. It is not advisable to store excessive amounts of flammable and explosive materials in the la. boratory; C. Should not rely excessively on automatic control by equipment switches; D. If encountering thunderstorm weather, stop live operations.

3. The AC safety voltages stipulated in China are 12V, 6V, (B). A. 220V, 380V; B. 42V, 36V; C. 220V, 36V; D. 380V, 42V

4. Which type of fire extinguisher is most suitable for extinguishing electrical fires? (A) A. Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher; B. Dry powder fire extinguisher; C. Foam fire extinguisher

True or False

1. As long as the quality of the power strip meets requirements, many can be connected in series arbitrarily without affecting use. (×)

2. Electricity is divided into strong current and weak current. Weak current switches and other components cannot be used in strong current circuits. (√)

3. Two-pin plugs can be used instead of three-pin plugs when using electrical equipment. (×)

4. Laboratories should use air switches and equip necessary leakage protectors; electrical equipment should be equipped with sufficient power capacity and wires, and must not be overloaded; electrical equipment and large instruments must be well grounded; hidden dangers such as electrical aging should be regularly inspected and eliminated promptly. (√)

5. Electrical appliances in the laboratory, such as wires, switches, lamp holders, plugs, and sockets, should be frequently checked for being intact, leaks, dampness, mildew, etc. Report for repair immediately if any problems are found. (√)

6. After the experiment, turn off the equipment, disconnect the power supply, and tidy up the relevant experimental supplies. (√)

7. Do not haphazardly pull wires or daisy-chain power strips in the laboratory. (√)

8. Air conditioner power supply must be pulled separately with a dedicated line, and power strips must not be used. (√)

9. Do not place cardboard, chemical reagents, gas cylinders, etc., near heating/heat-generating equipment such as refrigerators and ovens. (√)

10. In case of power or water outages, laboratory personnel must check whether the power and water sources are closed to avoid related safety accidents when power/water returns. (√)

11. Laboratory personnel must regularly check whether equipment, water and electrical lines, doors and windows, etc., are intact. If problems are found, they must be reported promptly and repaired. (√)

12. Laboratory power supplies can be disassembled, modified, or rewired as needed. (×)

13. Unless specially needed and with certain safety protection measures, air conditioners, computers, water dispensers, etc., should not be left on overnight unattended. (√)

14. Do not open doors, flip through books, or use computers while wearing experimental protective gloves. (√)

15. Instruments and other clutter can be piled up in the corridors around the laboratory as long as it does not affect passage. (×)

Hazardous Chemicals（Multiple Choice）

1. Among the following hazardous chemicals, which (B) can be stored outdoors? A. Those that can cause combustion upon moisture exposure; B. Those that can cause chemical reactions upon moisture exposure; C. Those that can generate toxic gases upon heat or moisture exposure

2. What level of hazardous chemical is methanol? (C) A. Highly toxic; B. Highly toxic; C. Moderately toxic; D. Low toxicity

3. What level of hazardous chemical is formaldehyde? (C) A. Highly toxic; B. Highly toxic; C. Moderately toxic; D. Low toxicity

4. What level of hazardous chemical is chloroform? (C) A. Highly toxic; B. Highly toxic; C. Moderately toxic; D. Low toxicity

5. What level of hazardous chemical is ethanol? (D) A. Highly toxic; B. Highly toxic; C. Moderately toxic; D. Slightly toxic

6. How should commonly used laboratory solvents be stored? (A) A. Stored separately by chemical category; B. Stored in alphabetical order; C. Stored by production date

7. Regarding the use of liquid nitrogen, which statement is incorrect? (B) A. Contact with skin will cause frostbite; B. Using a large amount of liquid nitrogen above flammable materials will not cause the flammable materials to catch fire; C. Minor contact with the eyes may cause blindness; D. Rapid evaporation may cause local air hypoxia.

8. Discarded hazardous solid chemicals should be (C). A. Discarded directly in domestic garbage without detoxification treatment; B. Discarded in domestic garbage after detoxification treatment; C. Collected and handled by a professional company.

9. The university's principle for handling hazardous chemical waste is (B). A. Handle it yourself; B. Classify handle, store at designated points, manage by designated personnel,centralized disposal; C. Treat it as domestic garbage; D. None of the above

10. During centrifugation, the liquid sample in the centrifuge tube should not exceed (A) of the tube volume to prevent overflow. A. 2/3; B. 1/3; C. 1/2

11. Which of the following solvent groups belong to flammable liquids? (ACD) A. Methanol, ethanol; B. Carbon tetrachloride, acetic acid; C. Diethyl ether, petroleum ether; D. Acetone, toluene

12. Acetone belongs to low-toxicity chemicals. Which of the following statements are correct? (ABC) A. Flash point -18°C, highly flammable; B. Has anesthetic effects on the nervous system and irritates mucous membranes; C. Boiling point 56°C, extremely volatile; D. Insoluble in water.

13. Before entering the laboratory to work, understand (ABC) so that corresponding self-rescue can be done in case of accidents. A. The location of safety exits; B. The location of flammable and explosive materials; C. The location of eye wash stations, emergency showers, and first aid kits.

14. Hazardous chemicals include the following (D). A. Explosives, flammable gases, flammable aerosols, oxidizing gases, pressurized gases; B. Flammable liquids, flammable solids, self-reactive substances, spontaneously combustible liquids, substances liable to spontaneous combustion, substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases; C. Oxidizing liquids, oxidizing solids, organic peroxides, corrosive substances; D. All of the above.

True or False

1. Departments must strengthen the management of highly toxic, harmful, and special chemicals, establishing strict requisition, distribution, registration, and approval systems by responsible leaders. (√)

2. Experimental waste should be stored by category and sent to the university's waste transfer station in a timely manner, finally handled by a qualified company contacted by the university. (√)

3. Waste liquids from experiments can be placed in the same waste bucket for treatment. (×)

4. Waste liquids (waste acid, waste alkali, etc.) and waste solid materials generated from experiments can be poured directly into the drain or ordinary trash bins. (×)

5. The management of highly toxic substances must strictly comply with the "double system" (i.e., "double person custody, double person receipt and dispatch, double person use, double person transport, double lock"), accurately measure and record the use of highly toxic substances, and prevent theft, loss, mistaken receipt, and misuse. If problems are found, immediately report to the Security Department, Laboratory and Equipment Management Office, and local public security department. (√)

6. Commonly used chemical reagents such as benzene, diethyl ether, toluene, acetone, methanol, etc., all belong to flammable substances. (√)

7. Places where hazardous chemicals are used should be equipped with corresponding protective equipment and first aid equipment. Personnel must possess fire protection and first aid knowledge, and there should be regular inspection and training systems. (√)

8. Before using chemicals, one should consult the MSDS, i.e., the Material Safety Data Sheet. (√)

9. The collection and storage of hazardous waste must be classified according to the characteristics of the hazardous waste. It is prohibited to mix, collect, store, transport, or dispose of incompatible hazardous wastes without safety treatment. (√)

10. Waste liquids and wastes generated in experiments should be classified and centrally treated/disposed of; they must not be arbitrarily discharged. Unknown waste materials must not be arbitrarily mixed. When acids, alkalis, or toxic substances spill, clean up and detoxify promptly. (√)

Biosafety（Multiple Choice:）

1. Laboratory biosafety is divided into four levels, with (D) level requiring the highest biosafety protection. A. Level 1 (BSL-1); B. Level 2 (BSL-2); C. Level 3 (BSL-3); D. Level 4 (BSL-4)

2. Which (D) item is not required for a BSL-1 laboratory? A. Sufficient power supply; B. A handwashing sink, preferably located near the laboratory exit; C. If handling irritating or corrosive substances, an eye wash device within 30 meters, and an emergency shower if necessary; D. A biological safety cabinet should be equipped in the room where pathogenic microorganism samples are handled.

3. The essential equipment for a BSL-2 laboratory is (C). A. Biological safety cabinet, incubator; B. Biological safety cabinet and water bath; C. Biological safety cabinet and autoclave; D. Centrifuge and autoclave

4. Experimental animal use environmental facilities should meet the requirements of the corresponding laboratory animal grade standards. (C) is used for SPF level,clean level large and small animal experiments like rats and mice. A. Conventional system; B.barrier-like system; C. Barrier system; D. Isolation system

5. Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) animals require the absence of microorganisms that interfere with experiments on the basis of (C). A. Conventional grade; B. Germ-free grade; C. Clean grade; D. Non-toxic grade

6. A zoonotic pathogen that is highly pathogenic to natural hosts, humans, and other animals is (D). A. Mouse hepatitis virus; B. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus; C. Avian leukosis virus; D. Rabies virus

7. C57BL/6J-TgN(CD8Ge)23Jwg indicates a (D) mouse derived from the Jackson Laboratory (J), with C57BL/6 as the background strain, completed by the Jon W. Gordon (Jwg) laboratory. A. Closed colony; B. Hybrid F1 generation; C. Inbred strain; D. Transgenic

8. Specific Pathogen Free animals refer to animals (A). A. Free of specific microorganisms and parasites internally and externally, but may carry non-specific microorganisms and parasites; B. Free of specific microorganisms and parasites internally; C. Free of specific microorganisms and parasites externally; D. Free of specific microorganisms and parasites internally and externally, and also free of non-specific microorganisms and parasites.

9. Treating animals well is not only for considering animal welfare but also because abused animals (D). A. Will resist and harm people; B. Will resist and harm themselves; C. Will resist and harm people and animals; D. Psychological changes will affect the experimental results.

10. Which description of SPF animal characteristics is correct? (A). A. No parasites; B. Very low natural mortality rate; C. 100% long-term experiment survival rate; D. The largest number used in experimental designs compared to conventional animals.

11. The hazard/danger of the rabies virus is manifested as (C). A. Short incubation period, high mortality rate; B. All experimental animals and humans are susceptible; C. The fatality rate in humans after contracting rabies is 100%; D. The incubation period is constantly changing.

12. Zoonotic viruses that pose a major threat to laboratory personnel include (A). A. Rabies, epidemic hemorrhagic fever of mice, LCM virus, simian herpes virus; B. Rabies, epidemic hemorrhagic fever of mice, simian herpes virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; C. Rabies, epidemic hemorrhagic fever of mice, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, Salmonella; D. Rabies, epidemic hemorrhagic fever of mice, mousepox, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

13. After being scratched or bitten by an experimental animal, if the wound is large and bleeding heavily, provide simple treatment and promptly go to the hospital for treatment.At the same time, get vaccinated within (B) hours. A. 12; B. 24; C. 36; D. 48

14. The correct method for handling animal corpses is (D). A. Throw them directly into the trash can; B. Put them in a regular bag and throw them into the trash can; C. Put them in a bag and pile them on the desktop, waiting for others to handle; D. Put them in a waterproof plastic bag and place them in the corpse storage freezer.

15. Experimental animals should not be housed together in the same cage based on (ABCD) standards. A. Breed; B. Strain; C. Gender; D. Grade

16. The control of experimental animal parasites focuses on prevention. Strengthening daily hygiene management levels, (AC), etc., are effective methods. A. Eliminating sources of infection; B. Immunizing all animals; C. Cutting off transmission routes; D. Culling the entire group of animals.

17. Animal carcasses, tissues, and other wastes need to be packaged in (A) plastic bags and stored frozen in a dedicated medical waste refrigerator. It is strictly forbidden to place untreated dead animals in the refrigerator. A. Special yellow; B. Special white; C. Special black; D. Special blue

18. Emergency response to zoonotic diseases includes (ABC). A. Must immediately report to the health and epidemic prevention department; B. Take emergency measures to prevent the epidemic from spreading; C. Conduct strict quarantine, monitoring, and preventive treatment for relevant personnel; D. Relevant personnel can be treated differently based on the condition.

19. The experimental animal biosafety emergency plan includes (ABC). A. Within 24 hours after the accident, the person involved and the facility responsible person should write a report on the accident process and risk assessment, and record it for filing; B. Any personnel exposed on site should receive medical consultation and isolation observation, and appropriate preventive treatment measures should be taken; C. The emergency team should immediately contact the parents and family members of the personnel, inform them of the situation, do ideological work, and stabilize their emotions; D. The emergency team leader should make a final report to the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and the local health and epidemic prevention department.

20. Experimental animal biosafety post-incident handling includes (ABCD). A. Aftermath handling; B. Investigation and handling; C. The emergency team leader makes a final report to the IACUC and the local health and epidemic prevention department; D. Keep records of the emergency plan activation.

21. Emergency plan for animal bite incidents (ABCD). A. Immediately use the first aid kit for disinfection and hemostasis/bleeding control. Send severe cases to the emergency room immediately; B. Determine whether to inject the injured with tetanus, rabies, and epidemic hemorrhagic fever vaccines based on the grade, species, and health status of the biting animal; C. Determine the cause of the animal bite, identify if it is an animal disease phenotype. If confirmed as a unit infectious disease manifestation, activate the emergency plan; D. Transfer the unit from the blood-stained animal cage to a cage of the same level to prevent fights between units triggered by seeing blood.

22. Regarding the handling of used waste liquids, which statement is incorrect? (D) A. Unknown waste liquids should not be mixed for collection and storage; B. Waste liquids should not be handled arbitrarily; C. It is forbidden to pour any substance other than water into the drain to avoid environmental pollution and danger to handling personnel; D. A small amount of waste liquid can be diluted with water and then poured directly down the drain.

True or False

1. Establish and improve safety management rules and regulations, perfect the hierarchical safety responsibility system, and implement the safety work principle of "whoever uses, manages" and "whoever is in charge, is responsible". (√)

2. Animal experiments involving biosafety must be conducted in corresponding levels of biosafety laboratories. (√)

3. Discarded sharps (including needles, blades, metal, glass, etc.) should be directly discarded into puncture-resistant containers. (√)

4. All plastic utensils (Eppendorf tubes, tips, etc.) used in genetic engineering operations should be sterilized in boxes and bottles before use. During the process of loading boxes or bottles, forceps or disposable gloves should be used; do not handle them directly with hands to strictly prevent contamination by enzymes on hands. (√)

5. All plastic utensils (Eppendorf tubes, tips, etc.) used in genetic engineering experiments can be loaded into boxes and bottles directly by hand before sterilization. (×)

6. In biochemical protein electrophoresis experiments, monomeric acrylamide and polyacrylamide are both neurotoxic substances, and contact with skin will not be absorbed. (×)

7. A 75% ethanol aqueous solution can be used for disinfecting skin, laboratory workbench surfaces, and small instruments. Skin disinfection should take at least 10 seconds, and disinfection of other object surfaces should not be less than 3 minutes. (√)

8. Experimental animal personnel should participate in technical training, pass assessments, meet job requirements, and can then engage in experimental animal work. Experimental animal personnel can be trained and managed by category such as breeding personnel,experimental personnel,management personnel. (√)

Gas Cylinders（Multiple Choice）

1. Common cylinder colors (Cylinder body / writing), which of the following is incorrect? (D) A. Nitrogen (Black / Yellow); B. Oxygen (Sky Blue / Black); C. Carbon Dioxide (Black / Red); D. Carbon Dioxide (Black / Yellow) [Note: Standard may vary, but D is listed as incorrect here.]

2. Regarding the correct use and operation of gas cylinders, which statement is incorrect? (B) A. Do not use up all the gas in the cylinder to prevent danger during refilling; B. Various pressure gauges are universal; C. Flammable gas cylinders (e.g., H2, C2H2) should be stored separately from oxygen cylinders; D. Check if the pressure reducer is closed tightly by turning the adjusting handle counterclockwise until the screw loosens.

3. Regarding the correct use and operation of gas cylinders, which statements are correct? (ACD) A. Do not use up all the gas in the cylinder to prevent danger during refilling; B. Various pressure gauges are universal; C. Flammable gas cylinders (e.g., H2, C2H2) should be stored separately from oxygen cylinders; D. Check if the pressure reducer is closed tightly by turning the adjusting handle counterclockwise until the screw loosens.

4. What issues should be noted when using a large number of concentrated gas cylinders? (BC) A. It is unnecessary to set up a qualified centralized storage room; B. Take necessary fire prevention, explosion prevention, prevention of electrical sparks (including static electricity), poison prevention, radiation prevention, and other measures according to the cylinder medium; C. Ventilation should be good, and necessary alarm devices should be available.

5. The principles for correctly using gas cylinders are (ABCD). A. Install the matching pressure reducer on the cylinder. The method to check if the reducer is closed is to turn the adjusting handle counterclockwise until the screw loosens; B. Open the cylinder's main valve. At this time, the high-pressure gauge shows the total storage pressure in the cylinder; C. Slowly turn the adjusting handle clockwise until the low-pressure gauge shows the pressure required for the experiment; D. When stopping use, first close the main valve, then close the pressure reducer after the residual gas in the reducer has escaped.

True or False

1. Gas cylinder valves do not need to be closed after use. (×)

2. Laboratory gas cylinders must be secured with chains, cylinder cabinets, etc., to prevent tipping and causing safety accidents. (√)

3. Because experiments require it, a large number of gas cylinders can be stored in the laboratory. (×)

4. High-pressure cylinders can be without fixing facilities, and expired,uninspected, and unqualified cylinders can be used. (×)

5. Connection fittings can be changed arbitrarily when using gas cylinders. (×)

6. Regular inspection of gas cylinders is to ensure their safety and reliability. (√)

7. When using gas cylinders, use up all the gas in the cylinder before using a new one. (×)

Instruments and Equipment（Multiple Choice）

1. Which of the following operations is wrong when using a centrifuge? (B) A. The centrifuge lid must be tightly closed; B. Diagonal balancing of the centrifuge tubes need not be considered; C. Liquid should not exceed 2/3 of the centrifuge tube; D. Clean the centrifuge chamber after each use.

2. What should be noted when using drying ovens and incubators? (D) A. Check the power supply before use; there must be a good ground wire; B. The interior should be kept clean; the material net basket must not be rusty, otherwise it will affect the cleanliness of the items to be dried; C. The heating temperature for plastic and plexiglass products should not exceed 60°C, for glass products not exceed 180°C. The usage temperature should not exceed the maximum allowable temperature of the drying oven. Cut off the power after use; D. All of the above are correct.

3. When using equipment, if abnormal operation is found, you should (A). A. Stop the machine and report to the relevant responsible person; B. Turn it off and leave; C. Continue using it, paying attention to observation; D. Stop the machine and repair it yourself.

4. Regarding the laboratory microwave oven, which statement is incorrect? (C) A. After the microwave oven is turned on, it generates strong electromagnetic radiation, and the operator should stay away; B. It is strictly forbidden to put flammable and explosive hazardous chemicals into the microwave oven for heating; C. Laboratory microwaves can be used to heat food; D. When using the microwave oven to heat sealed pressure containers, operate strictly according to safety regulations.

5. Incorrect precautions for using laboratory refrigerators and ultra-low temperature freezers are (D). A. Defrost and clean regularly; disinfect the surface after cleaning; B. All storage containers should be labeled with the item name, storage date, and storer's name; C. Unless there are explosion-proof measures, flammable and explosive chemical solutions cannot be placed in the refrigerator; this should be indicated on the refrigerator door; D. Frozen food and water can be stored in the refrigerator.

6. Incubators are used for (BD). A. Drying; B. Microbial culture; C. Dry heat sterilization; D. Biological material culture.

True or False

1. Drying ovens (ovens) can be used for drying items and dry heat sterilization; incubators are used for microbial culture and biological material culture. (√)

2. After instrument equipment fails, it must be reported to management personnel promptly and recorded in detail. (√)

3. Laboratory safety and hygiene inspections mainly include laboratory layout, hygiene, water and electricity safety, refrigerator and oven use management, hazardous material use and custody, disposal of chemical and biological waste (gas, liquid, solid),drainage management, gas cylinder safety, radioactive safety, etc. (√)

4. Do not move instruments and equipment or start experiments without the permission of the instructor. During experiments, pay attention to safety and operate according to requirements. Stop immediately if abnormalities are found. (√)

5. Laboratories should strengthen the maintenance of instruments and equipment, and conduct regular calibration and repair. (√)

6. Instruments and equipment can be disassembled and assembled arbitrarily for experimental needs. (×)

7. Electrical equipment and large instruments must be well grounded; hidden dangers such as wire aging should be regularly inspected and eliminated promptly. (√)

8. Electric stoves, microwaves, induction cookers, rice cookers, etc., can be used in the laboratory for heating,cooking. (×)

9. Do not disassemble arbitrarily experimental instruments and equipment without permission. (√)

10. Before conducting experiments, understand the instructions and precautions for the use of experimental instruments. During the experiment, strictly follow the operating procedures. (√)

11. When using experimental instruments, someone must be present; do not leave without authorization. (√)

12. When using precision instruments, strictly follow the operating procedures, be careful and cautious to avoid damaging the instrument due to carelessness. If the instrument is found to be faulty, stop using it immediately and troubleshoot promptly. Must conscientiously fill out the logbook after use. (√)

13. To facilitate access to equipment rooms managed by designated personnel, you can make keys yourself. (×)

14. During centrifugation, if abnormal noises are heard from the centrifuge, check the reason after the centrifugation is complete. (×)

15. Sharps such as needles, glass, and disposable scalpels should be placed in puncture-resistant containers after use. Sharps containers should be replaced when the contents reach two-thirds full. (√)

Special Equipment（Multiple Choice Questions）

1. The autoclave is classified as special equipment and may explode if used improperly. To prevent accidents, operating procedures should be followed. The following description is incorrect (C). A. Check if the water level inside the chamber is sufficient before each use. B. Check if the safety valve is functioning properly before each use. C. Open the lid immediately after sterilization without allowing it to cool. D. Unplug the power cord from the outlet after use.

2. Which of the following is correct regarding the use of a fully automatic autoclave? (B) A. Load similar items together. B. Keep liquid and solid items separate. C. When sterilizing dressings and instruments simultaneously, place the dressings on the bottom layer. D. The standard sterilization time for various common items (110-121°C) is 20-30 minutes.

3. Regarding the precautions for using an autoclave, the incorrect statement is: A. Take precautions to prevent burns; open the lid only after the temperature has dropped. B. Do not sterilize containers with lids closed, as this may cause explosions. C. Regularly inspect the drainage bucket and drainage pipe. D. Fill the autoclave as much as possible during each sterilization cycle. (Answer: D)

4. Pressure saturated steam sterilization (autoclaving) is the most effective and reliable method for sterilizing experimental materials. The commonly used sterilization condition in biological laboratories is (C). A. 134°C for 3 minutes; B. 126°C for 10 minutes; C. 121°C for 15 minutes; D. 115°C for 25 minutes.

5. Special equipment safety managers should conduct (C) inspections on the usage status of special equipment and address any issues promptly. A. Regular; B. Irregular; C. Frequent.

6. When the (C) in the safety valve is too high, the spring compresses, causing the valve disc to lift off the seat and release the medium. A. Flow velocity; B. Flow rate; C. Pressure; D. Pressure drop.

7. The opening pressure of the safety valve for a fixed pressure vessel should be (A) the design pressure of the pressure vessel. A. Less than or equal to; B. Greater than or equal to; C. Greater than.

8. Safety valves are generally calibrated once every (A) year. If disassembly for calibration is difficult, on-site calibration should be performed. A. 1; B. 2; C. 3.

9. The accuracy of a level gauge refers to (C). A. The ratio of the measured value to the actual liquid level, expressed as a percentage. B. The ratio of the measured value minus the actual liquid level value to the full-scale value, expressed as a percentage. C. The ratio of the measured value minus the actual liquid level value to the full-scale value, expressed as the absolute value of the number multiplied by 100.

10. Pressure vessel operators should immediately take emergency measures and report through the prescribed procedures under the following (A) circumstances: a) The working pressure, medium temperature, or wall temperature of the pressure vessel exceeds the specified value and cannot be effectively controlled despite measures taken; b) Critical pressurized components of the pressure vessel develop cracks, bulges, deformations, leaks, or other safety-threatening phenomena; c) Safety accessories fail; d) The number of operators on duty is insufficient. A. abc; B. abd; C. acd; D. bcd.

11. If abnormal conditions are discovered during self-inspections and routine maintenance of special equipment in use, the special equipment user should (B). A. Report to the responsible safety officer; B. Address it promptly; C. Report to the safety personnel.

12. Special equipment with obvious malfunctions, abnormal conditions, or that has been ordered to be corrected but remains unaddressed must be (B). A. Repaired; B. Scrapped; C. Reported; D. Suspended from use.

True or False Questions

1. Personnel engaged in special operations (such as operating autoclaves) must receive relevant professional training, pass assessments, and hold corresponding qualifications to work. (√)

2. For convenience of access to equipment rooms managed by specific personnel, individuals may make their own keys or lend their personal access cards to others. (×)

3. When using high-pressure heating equipment such as autoclaves or ovens, someone must be present to monitor the operation. (√)

4. Before periodic inspections of pressure vessels, the user is responsible for preparing accordingly. (√)

5. Pressure vessels are classified as fixed or mobile based on whether they are fixed to the ground or relatively movable. (×)