| Name | ID | Type | Length(bp) | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ELP | BBa_25SG7TTA | Coding | 612 | An elastin-like peptide is encoded for temperature-responsive reversible phase transition and purification. |
| TfCa | BBa_259263IW | Coding | 1491 | Encodes the intermediate product MHET hydrolase, an enzyme that degrades PET hydrolysis intermediates. |
| Tfh | BBa_25SAE1A7 | Coding | 780 | Encodes the PET-degrading enzyme Tfh, responsible for the initial hydrolysis of PET plastic. |
| SpyTag | BBa_25UXW78O | Coding | 39 | A peptide tag is encoded to form a covalent bond with SpyCatcher for protein anchoring. |
| SpyCatcher | BBa_25K73HX1 | Coding | 348 | A protein domain is encoded to specifically recognize and covalently bind to the SpyTag peptide. |
| SnoopTag | BBa_259AEIGK | Coding | 39 | A peptide tag is encoded for interaction with SnoopCatcher to facilitate protein heterodimer assembly. |
| SnoopCatcher | BBa_25DIL6RB | Coding | 339 | A protein domain is encoded to specifically recognize and bind the SnoopTag peptide for ordered protein assembly. |
| Linker | BBa_25DWWUE8 | Protein_Domain | 33 | A flexible peptide is encoded to be used as a spatial separator between functional domains in a fusion protein. |
| TphA1 | BBa_25IB1IC9 | Coding | 1011 | TphA1 forms together with TphA2 and TphA3 the terephthalic acid 1,2-dioxygenase system (TERDOS). |
| TphA2 | BBa_256CWYU7 | Coding | 1252 | TPA 1,2-dioxygenase oxydase subunit alpha. |
| TphA3 | BBa_258YI2Y4 | Coding | 468 | TPA 1,2-dioxygenase (TPADO) subunit beta (UniProt: Q3C1D4) encoded by the tphA3II gene, is one of the three proteins that form the TPADO complex. |
| TphB | BBa_25OEPQGZ | Coding | 951 | TphB codes 1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarboxylate dehydrogenase(DCDDH), which can hydrolyze 1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dicarboxylate to protocatechuate. |
| gcl | BBa_2548X1RK | Coding | 1870 | Catalyzes the condensation of two glyoxylate molecules to form tartronic semialdehyde. This reaction is the key carbon-carbon bond formation step in the ethylene glycol (EG) assimilation pathway. |
| hyi | BBa_25S9ID4S | Coding | 777 | Catalyzes the isomerization of hydroxypyruvate to tartronic semialdehyde, serving as a key bridging reaction that connects upstream glycolate metabolism to the downstream glycerate pathway for central metabolic integration. |
| glxR | BBa_25C5WV92 | Coding | 879 | An alternative glyoxylate reductase that reduces tartronic semialdehyde to glycerate, serving a similar metabolic role to GarR in channeling carbon flux from glycolate assimilation into central metabolism. |
| glxK | BBa_25E9JQQL | Coding | 1146 | Phosphorylates glycerate to generate 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG), enabling its direct entry into the glycolytic pathway for energy production and growth. |
| garR | BBa_25IF2P7B | Coding | 891 | Reduces tartronic semialdehyde to glycerate. It serves as a crucial step in channeling carbon from the EG pathway into central metabolism. |
| phaA | BBa_25CJPJQX | Coding | 1197 | Condenses two acetyl-CoA molecules to form acetoacetyl-CoA, the first committed step in the biosynthesis of the ester monomer for PEA. |
| phaB | BBa_25GN3JOD | Coding | 756 | Reduces acetoacetyl-CoA to (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, generating the activated ester monomer used for PEA polymerization. |
| phaC | BBa_250CGRZL | Coding | 1695 | Catalyzes the copolymerization of (R)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA (ester monomer) and β-alanyl-CoA (amide monomer) to form the poly(ester amide) (PEA) polymer. |
| pct540 | BBa_25L57841 | Coding | 1593 | Functions as a CoA-transferase that re-activates the free acid form of the ester monomer, (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, to its CoA-thioester form, enhancing monomer recycling and polymerization efficiency. |
| Act | BBa_25G4M7NG | Coding | 1212 | Activates β-alanine by attaching a CoA moiety to form β-alanyl-CoA, the activated amide monomer for polymerization. |
| panD | BBa_25DAKZS4 | Coding | 471 | Decarboxylates L-aspartate to produce β-alanine, providing the essential precursor for the amide monomer of PEA. |
| fucO | BBa_2531KHUP | Coding | 1149 | Oxidizes ethylene glycol (EG) to glycolaldehyde, initiating the first step of EG metabolism. |
| aldA | BBa_25601S3B | Coding | 1440 | Further oxidizes glycolaldehyde to glycolate, continuing the activation of EG for downstream assimilation. |
| Pm93 | BBa_25Z7HO0F | Promoter | 87 | A strong constitutive promoter that drives high-level, continuous expression of downstream genes without requiring induction, ensuring robust enzyme production in the engineered pathway. |
| Name | ID | Type | Length(bp) | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T7 Promoter-lac operator-RBS-ELP-linker-SpyCatcher-6xHis-T7 Terminator | BBa_255YB1F5 | Translational unit | 1092 | The ELP-SpyCatcher fusion protein is synthesized from this part for carrier functionalization and temperature-responsive immobilization. |
| T7 Promoter-lac operator-RBS-SpyTag-Linker-TfCa-Linker-SnoopTag-T7 Terminator | BBa_251W7L7C | Translational unit | 1750 | This part expresses a TfCa fusion protein engineered with SpyTag and SnoopTag for directed immobilization and enzyme assembly. |
| T7 Promoter-lac operator-RBS-SnoopCatcher-Linker-Tfh-6xHis-T7 Terminator | BBa_25RCF92Y | Translational unit | 1250 | A SnoopCatcher-Tfh fusion protein is produced by this part, designed to form a heterodimer with the TfCa fusion enzyme. |
| T7 Promoter-lac operator-RBS-TphA1-RBS-TphA2-RBS-TphA3-T7 Promoter-lac operator-RBS-TphB-T7 Term | BBa_25IQN8NN | Translational unit | 3988 | Carry and express the enzymes required for the conversion of terephthalic acid (TPA) into protocatechuic acid (PCA). |
| Pm93+RBS+gcl+RBS+garR+Pm93+RBS+glxK+Term | BBa_25MV7LOL | Device | 4191 | This device is the key module supporting the core finding of this study: a model-driven, minimized pathway design. It challenges the canonical four-gene paradigm by implementing a rational“gcl-garR-glxK”circuit, where the isozyme GarR replaces GlxR and the Hyi step is strategically omitted to optimize glyoxylate flux. Its equivalent performance to the four-gene baseline validates the power of model-guided pathway refactoring. |
| Pm93+RBS+gcl+RBS+hyi+Pm93+RBS+glxR+RBS+glxK+Term | BBa_253CDWT2 | Device | 4985 | This device serves as a control module that reconstitutes the standard four-gene pathway reported in literature. Its purpose is to provide a performance benchmark for direct experimental comparison, enabling a clear evaluation of our minimized three-gene design against the established baseline. |
| Pm93+RBS+fucO+RBS+aldA+Term | BBa_25CO18KO | Device | 2769 | This module functions as an aldehyde scavenger and redox-balancing unit. Constitutive co-expression of AldA (aldehyde dehydrogenase) and FucO (alcohol dehydrogenase) establishes a substrate cycle that can oxidize toxic aldehydes to their corresponding acids while managing the intracellular NADH/NAD+ ratio. This is critical for maintaining redox homeostasis during the bioconversion of C2 substrates. |
| Trc promoter+RBS+phaB+RBS+panD+Trc promoter+RBS+phaA+rrnB-T2-Term | BBa_25Y458VZ | Device | 2593 | This device serves as the core monomer supply module for PEA biosynthesis, engineered for high-yield, balanced co-production of ester and amide precursors. Unit 1 constitutively co-expresses PhaB and PanD to generate the key PEA monomers. Unit 2 expresses PhaA to enhance precursor supply flux. This module provides a balanced substrate pool for downstream polymerization. |
| AraBAD promoter+RBS+phaC+AraBAD promoter+RBS+pct540+RBS+Act+rrnB-T1-Term | BBa_25W7TTDX | Device | 5153 | This device functions as an inducible polymerization module, catalyzing the copolymerization of monomers into PEA. It employs dual AraBAD promoters for independent regulation of the native PHA synthase (PhaC) and a broad-substrate hybrid synthase (Pct540-Act). Upon induction, it assembles diverse monomers into custom PEA polymers. |
| Name | ID | Type | Length(bp) | Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T7 Promoter | BBa_K5328015 | T7 | 19 | Used to initiate and regulate the expression of downstream genes. |
| lac operator | BBa_K428400 | Regulatory | 25 | Used for repressor-mediated control of downstream gene expression. |
| 6xHis | BBa_K5487119 | Miscellaneous (Deprecated) | 18 | 6xHis affinity tag. |
| T7 Terminator | BBa_K5248006 | Terminator [SO:0000141] | 48 | Terminator for bacterial expression. |
| AraBAD promoter | BBa_K4657003 | promoter | 285 | araBAD promoter is an E. coli promoter that is tightly controlled by inducer L-arabinose and repressor Arac. |
| trc promoter | BBa_K4800000 | promoter | 30 | Our Ptrc was used to provide enhanced translation initiation and high-level expression in Escherichia coli. |
| rrnB-T1-Term | BBa_K3033016 | Terminator [SO:0000141] | 87 | Derived from pBAD24, and synthesized through IDT. This codes for a rrnB T1 Terminator site |
| rrnB-T2-Term | BBa_K3763043 | Terminator [SO:0000141] | 28 | The rrnB T1T2 terminator, derived from E. coli ribosomal RNA genes and containing multiple inverted repeats, is an efficient factor-independent transcription termination sequence widely used in cloning vectors to prevent spurious expression. |