Introduction

A material that subtly binds our world together harbors a concealed dark side. Adhesives play a crucial role in our daily lives, as they are used in a wide range of applications, from basic household repairs to complex industrial manufacturing. The demand for adhesive products continues to rise rapidly yearly, with the industry growing by approximately one billion USD from 2023 to 2024.

Annual global consumption is approximately 24.7 million metric tons. However, many conventional adhesives are made from synthetic chemicals, raising severe environmental and health concerns due to their toxicity and non-biodegradable properties. Besides their environmental impact and use in industrial structures, adhesives are crucial in the medical industry: electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor patches, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) patches for chronic pain, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), and hormonal therapy.

Key Statistics:

  • 537 million people worldwide live with diabetes
  • 1.5 million deaths annually from diabetes-related complications
  • Individual insulin pump value: up to $5,000 USD

More specialized bandages, such as those used by patients with diabetes, are designed with specific purposes in mind. However, these plasters often have the drawback of peeling off prematurely - an issue that may seem minor but can create significant challenges for individuals managing diabetes.

Medical device adhesives illustration

Figure 1: Medical devices requiring strong adhesive patches

Currently, there is no natural adhesive that minimizes the risk of allergies and skin irritations while offering strength up to three times greater than traditional super glue. Or is there?

This is precisely where our project, Synhesion, takes action. We boldly address this challenge by creating bio-based adhesives through genetically engineered bacteria. These adhesives surpass the strength of traditional superglue and significantly reduce allergy risks, offering a revolutionary solution.

Background

Bio-based adhesives present a compelling opportunity to revolutionize various industries, from medical devices to industrial manufacturing. The adhering properties of bacterial adhesives, particularly those produced by Caulobacter crescentus and its close relative Hirschia baltica, are of significant interest due to their exceptional strength and biocompatibility.

Caulobacter crescentus

Renowned for producing holdfast, a natural glue alternative among the strongest known biological adhesives.

Polysaccharide-based

This holdfast exhibits remarkable adhesive capabilities, making it ideal for eco-friendly applications.

Complex Life Cycle

Makes it impractical for large-scale adhesive production and biomanufacturing applications.

Bacterial adhesive structure

Figure 2: Bacterial adhesive production mechanism

Our Solution

Synhesion targets a global challenge for 537 million diabetes patients by leveraging Escherichia coli to produce and refine adhesive polysaccharides from C. crescentus. By transferring and activating the relevant holdfast-producing system within E. coli, we could utilize its well-established culturing and genetic manipulation techniques to achieve scalable and efficient production.

1

Gene Transfer

Transfer holdfast genes from C. crescentus to E. coli

2

Production

Scale up adhesive production using E. coli systems

3

Application

Create biocompatible medical adhesives

The significance of this work lies in its potential to provide a sustainable, biodegradable alternative to synthetic adhesives, reducing environmental impact while enhancing biocompatibility in medical applications. By harnessing the natural adhesive properties of bacterial polysaccharides and tools of synthetic biology, Synhesion paves the way for significant advancements in day to day lives of diabetes patients all over the world.

Conclusion

Synhesion represents a significant step towards sustainable and versatile adhesive solutions. By exploiting the adhesive properties of bacterial glue and refining their production in E. coli, this project aims to deliver innovative solutions that address the escalating demand for eco-friendly and high-performance adhesives.

Our Impact

Through our efforts, we strive to build a greener, more efficient future. Our team pursues to solve an immense problem for millions of people with a patch-sized solution.

Future vision of bio-adhesives

Figure 3: Vision for sustainable bio-adhesive applications

Key References

  1. Global Adhesives Market Report 2024. Industry Analysis and Forecasts.
  2. Annual Consumption Statistics for Adhesive Products Worldwide, 2024.
  3. Environmental Impact Assessment of Synthetic Adhesives. Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 2023.
  4. Medical Patch Allergic Reactions: A Clinical Study. Dermatology Research, 2023.
  5. International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition, 2021.
  6. World Health Organization. Diabetes Fact Sheet, 2023.
  7. Insulin Pump Technology Market Analysis, 2024.
  8. Continuous Glucose Monitor Pricing Study, Medical Device Economics, 2023.
  9. Bio-based Adhesives: Opportunities and Challenges. Green Chemistry Review, 2023.
  10. Caulobacter crescentus Adhesive Properties. Microbiology Today, 2022.
  11. Hirschia baltica: A Close Relative with Similar Adhesive Capabilities. Marine Biology, 2023.
  12. Holdfast Polysaccharides: Nature's Strongest Glue. Biochemistry Journal, 2023.