Skin aging, a concern for many, is often accelerated by daily exposure to environmental pollutants and sunlight. These factors generate harmful molecules called free radicals, which damage skin cells and lead to wrinkles and loss of elasticity. While many skincare products use antioxidants like vitamin C to fight these radicals, their effectiveness can be limited because they are unstable or cannot penetrate deeply into the skin.

To overcome these challenges, our iGEM project explores a more natural and efficient solution inspired by the skin’s own defense system. We focus on two key enzymes: SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) and CAT (Catalase)—which work together in the body to neutralize free radicals in a two-step process. Using synthetic biology, we produce these enzymes sustainably in a laboratory setting and combine them into a single composite material. By optimizing their ratio, we enhance their ability to protect skin from oxidative stress more effectively than traditional antioxidants.

This project aims to provide a stable, effective, and skin-compatible ingredient for future anti-aging skincare products, supporting healthier skin through scientifically grounded innovation.

Although antioxidants are widely used in skincare, they often fail to fully address oxidative skin damage due to limited stability or incomplete protection. The market lacks a solution that replicates the body’s natural two-step antioxidant defense, specifically a synergistically acting SOD-CAT complex optimized at a precise ratio. To be truly effective, such a product must also be economically viable to produce and maintain high stability and bioactivity.

1.3.1 Why: The Problem and Vision

Oxidative stress is a root cause of skin aging, yet many existing antioxidants work in a limited or incomplete manner. Our vision is to move beyond single-ingredient approaches by creating a bio-inspired system that mirrors the body's own sophisticated, multi-step defense mechanism for comprehensive protection.

1.3.2 How: Our Approach

We engineer microbial cells to function as living factories. By intelligently designing and optimizing a dual-enzyme system, we achieve the efficient synergistic expression of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT). This approach ensures the stable and scalable production of this potent antioxidant complex.

1.3.3 What: The Outcome

The result is a novel bioactive ingredient: a synergistically optimized SOD-CAT cascade complex. This core ingredient is designed to be integrated into advanced skincare formulations, empowering the next generation of anti-aging products with a mechanism of action that is both highly effective and inherently natural.

The antioxidant anti-aging market is a vital and expanding segment within the global cosmetics and personal care industry. It is centered on combating oxidative stress—a primary biological mechanism of skin aging—through topical skincare, nutraceuticals, and functional products. The following analysis details the market size, segmentation, and key trends based on recent industry reports.

2.1.1 Global Market Overview

The global anti-aging market was valued at approximately USD 69.6 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 119.6 billion by 2030, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.9% from 2024 to 2030.

The antioxidant segment constitutes a significant portion of this market, estimated to account for over 35% of the total anti-aging ingredient focus, driven by consumer demand for scientifically backed, preventive skincare solutions.

2.1.2 Market Segmentation and Key Trends

The following table summarizes the key segments within the antioxidant anti-aging market:

2.1.3 Regional Markets

North America: Dominated the market with over 38% share in 2023, attributed to high consumer awareness and strong R&D presence.

Asia-Pacific: Expected to register the fastest CAGR (above 9%) from 2024 to 2030, fueled by K-beauty trends, rising disposable income, and a growing aging population in countries like China and Japan.

Europe: Holds a significant share, characterized by high demand for premium, natural, and organic antioxidant formulations.

This section analyzes the six key external environmental factors that will impact our project.

2.2.1 Political

The political environment presents a mix of opportunities and challenges for us. On the positive side, the government is currently strongly supporting high-tech industries like synthetic biology, which could lead to support in terms of research funding and policies. However, the downside is the highly stringent regulation of the cosmetics industry. As a completely new ingredient, our product requires a lengthy and costly government approval process before it can go to market, which is a major challenge for the project.

2.2.2 Economic

The economic impact is straightforward. Currently, major cosmetics companies are actively seeking new, scientifically advanced ingredients to attract customers, making them willing to pay a premium for unique and effective raw materials like ours. The problem, however, is that our technology R&D requires significant upfront investment. If the overall economic climate worsens, it could dampen investor confidence in funding us, potentially leading to a shortage of capital for the project.

2.2.3 Social

Social trends are very favorable for us. Today's consumers are increasingly knowledgeable about ingredients and want products with scientific backing that are truly effective. Our approach, which mimics the body's own natural antioxidant mechanisms, makes it easy to gain consumer trust. Furthermore, the growing consumer preference for environmentally friendly and natural products aligns perfectly with our technology that uses microbial fermentation, fitting this "green" consumption trend.

2.2.4 Technological

Technology is our core. Powerful technologies like gene editing allow us to essentially reprogram microorganisms to efficiently produce the enzymes we need. The biggest technical challenge, however, is ensuring these enzymes remain stable and active for a long time within skincare formulations. If we cannot solve this "preservation" problem, even the best idea cannot be turned into a viable product.

2.2.5 Legal

From a legal perspective, the top priority is to patent our technology promptly to prevent it from being copied. Secondly, we must comply with all safety regulations concerning new cosmetic ingredients to ensure a legal and compliant market launch. Failure to do so could result in product recalls and fines.

2.2.6 Environmental

From a legal perspective, the top priority is to patent our technology promptly to prevent it from being copied. Secondly, we must comply with all safety regulations concerning new cosmetic ingredients to ensure a legal and compliant market launch. Failure to do so could result in product recalls and fines.

2.3.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers (low to medium)

Supplier power is relatively limited but exhibits structural variation. Suppliers of generic tools for genetic construction (e.g., plasmids, enzymes) are numerous and highly competitive, resulting in low bargaining power. However, suppliers of key genetic elements (e.g., optimized SOD/CAT gene sequences) and specialized fermentation media are more concentrated. If the project does not control the production of these core materials internally, dependence on specific suppliers could grant them moderate bargaining power, impacting costs. Overall, this risk can be effectively managed by establishing strong intellectual property rights and alternative supply chains.

2.3.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers (medium to high)

As an ingredient supplier, our direct customers are large cosmetics brands. These clients are concentrated, place large orders, and face relatively low costs when switching suppliers. Consequently, they possess significant bargaining power and exert constant price pressure. To counter this, the key is building formidable technical barriers. We must demonstrate the uniqueness and superior efficacy of our ingredient through patent protection, robust synergistic efficacy data, and consistent product quality, shifting the competition from pure price wars to value-based partnerships.

2.3.3 Threat of New Entrants (medium)

Significant entry barriers exist. The technical know-how of synthetic biology, core patent networks, and substantial capital investment required for scaled production create a protective moat, deterring players lacking technical depth. The primary threat, however, comes not from startups but from large chemical or cosmetics giants. They could potentially acquire relevant tech teams or leverage their vast R&D resources to imitate the technology and enter the market rapidly. Therefore, continuous technological iteration and comprehensive patent portfolios are crucial defensive strategies.

2.3.4 Threat of Substitutes (high)

The market faces intense competition from numerous substitutes. Established, low-cost alternatives like traditional chemical antioxidants (e.g., Vitamins C, E) and various plant extracts pose a major threat. The only way to differentiate decisively in this landscape is through solid scientific evidence. We must provide compelling in vitro and, ultimately, clinical-grade human efficacy data that unequivocally demonstrates the superior antioxidant and anti-aging effects of the SOD-CAT system to gain market trust and break the competitive deadlock.

2.3.5 Rivalry Among Existing Competitors (low to medium)

Currently, there are few competitors focused specifically on the enzyme-based complex antioxidant niche, making it a potential “blue ocean” market. As a first mover, we have the opportunity to capture market share and build a strong differentiated position. The main competition originates from a handful of tech companies with similar biotechnology platforms, rather than traditional cosmetic ingredient suppliers. Thus, the current competitive intensity remains moderate, providing a valuable window of opportunity.

Figure 1 SWOT Model

2.4.1 Strengths

Our project’s prominent strength lies in its technological uniqueness. The SOD-CAT cascade enzyme system, developed using synthetic biology, mimics the body's innate antioxidant defense mechanism, theoretically offering more efficient and comprehensive protection compared to traditional single-ingredient antioxidants. Furthermore, the microbial fermentation-based production platform holds significant potential for substantially reducing costs upon achieving economies of scale.

2.4.2 Weaknesses

The primary weakness of the project currently lies in the uncertainties of industrialization. Scaling up from a lab-scale achievement to stable, large-scale production that meets regulatory standards carries inherent process risks. Additionally, as a new ingredient, the lack of market application cases and brand recognition makes it difficult to gain the trust of major clients in the initial stages.

2.4.3 Opportunities

The market presents clear opportunities for us. Downstream cosmetic brands are constantly seeking new ingredients with proprietary patents and solid scientific backing to differentiate their products, creating a demand gap that our technology can fill. Furthermore, the global trend towards green and sustainable manufacturing practices aligns perfectly with the characteristics of our synthetic biology production platform, making it more attractive to both the market and investors.

2.4.4 Threats

The project faces significant threats from intense market competition. Established, low-cost traditional chemical antioxidants pose the most immediate substitute threat. In the long term, if the market potential is validated, industry giants with strong R&D and production capabilities could enter the space rapidly, creating substantial competitive pressure.

Our competitive analysis aims to systematically compare our core product SOD-CAT enzyme complex against mainstream antioxidant ingredients in the market, clarifying its differentiated advantages and market positioning.

We have selected three representative types of antioxidant ingredients as benchmarks for comparison:

1. Representative Traditional Chemical Antioxidant: Vitamin C.
2. Representative Popular Natural Ingredient: Fullerene.
3. Our Solution: SOD-CAT Enzyme Complex System.

Analysis above clarifies the competitive strategy for the SOD-CAT enzyme complex. Therefore, our market entry strategy should not be based on price competition, but on value competition: targeting high-end skincare brands that seek product differentiation, scientific storytelling and sustainable development, positioning our ingredient as the core strategic raw material for creating flagship anti-aging products.

3.1.1 Product

Our core product is not a finished skincare item, but a high-purity, synergistically optimized SOD-CAT enzyme complex in the form of frozen-dried powder, targeting B2B clients (cosmetic brands).

Our product form is primarily supplied as a standardized raw material for brands to incorporate into their serums, creams, and masks. Large-scale production can be achieved through the technical path shown in the figure below:

Figure 2 Large Scale Production Process

3.1.2 Price

Our pricing strategy is based on the significant value we deliver to brands, rather than merely competing on cost.

Value-based Pricing. We will command a premium price relative to common antioxidants (e.g., pure Vitamin C), justified by our unique mechanism, patented technology, and clinical-grade data.

Cost Advantage as a Margin Buffer. Our efficient synbio production process provides a healthy margin buffer, allowing flexibility in B2B negotiations while maintaining profitability.

Tiered Pricing in the future. Potential for tiered pricing based on order volume and level of technical support required by the brand.

3.1.3 Place

As an ingredient supplier, our place is the channel through which we reach our B2B clients.

Primary Channel: Direct sales to R&D departments of medium-to-large cosmetic brands. This ensures clear technical communication and aligns with our technology-driven positioning.

Secondary Channel: Partnerships with leading Contract Manufacturing Organizations (CMOs) that already serve multiple beauty brands. This provides efficient market access.

Pilot Channel: Collaborative projects with select medical aesthetic clinics for clinical validation and early adoption in professional post-procedure care products.

3.1.4 Promotion

Promotion will focus on building credibility and desire within the industry, not on mass consumer advertising.

Scientific Marketing: Presenting research findings at industry conferences (e.g., IFSCC) and publishing data in reputable journals to establish scientific authority.

Technical Sales Support: Providing brands with comprehensive technical dossiers, formulation guidance, and efficacy data to facilitate their product development.

Strategic Partnerships: Co-branding and collaborative product launches with pioneering brands to create market buzz and demonstrate real-world application.

Industry Media: Targeting publications to reach a professional audience.

Our target customers are segmented based on their core business needs and how our SOD-CAT enzyme complex integrates into their product development strategy.

3.2.1 Established Mass-Market Brands

Core Need: These brands compete intensely in the "mass premium" segment. Their primary need is to incorporate proven, effective, and novel technologies into their products to justify premium pricing and refresh their brand image, while maintaining manageable costs for large-scale production.

Application Scenario: They would utilize our SOD-CAT complex as a core selling point in their flagship “anti-aging series”, such as serums and creams. The marketing narrative would focus on “Biomimetic Antioxidant Technology” or “Dual-Enzyme Synergy”, allowing them to differentiate from competitors relying on standard Vitamin C or single-enzyme formulas. Our synbio production platform ensures a stable and scalable supply, which is critical for their high-volume needs.

3.2.2 Science-Backed Niche Brands

Core Need: These brands have built their reputation on transparency, efficacy, and clean or innovative formulations. Their customers are highly ingredient-literate (component-conscious). Their need is for clinically credible, unique active ingredients that reinforce their scientific, no-nonsense brand positioning.

Application Scenario: They would use our ingredient in its most straightforward form, potentially marketing it as a “SynBio SOD-CAT Complex” or “Cascade Enzyme Booster”. It could be launched as a standalone serum or a high-potency additive. The emphasis would be on the purity of the enzyme, the synergistic ratio, and the robust efficacy data, directly appealing to consumers who appreciate advanced biotechnology and clear mechanism of action.

3.2.3 Medical Aesthetic & Dermocosmetic Companies

Core Need: This segment prioritizes ingredients with strong biological rationale, safety, and proven efficacy in supporting skin repair and reducing inflammation/oxidative stress. Their products are often positioned as an extension of clinical treatments.

Application Scenario: The primary application would be in post-procedure recovery products. After treatments like laser therapy or chemical peels, the skin experiences significant oxidative stress. Our SOD-CAT complex would be formulated into recovery creams, masks, or serums to accelerate healing, soothe the skin, and enhance the overall results of the aesthetic procedure by effectively neutralizing the surge of free radicals. The "biomimetic" story aligns perfectly with the scientific ethos of this channel.

Figure 3 Business Model Canvas

4.1.1 Customer Segments

1. Innovative Skincare Brands: Companies seeking exclusive patented ingredients to differentiate their products.
2. Efficacy-Focused Skincare Brands: Brands specializing in ingredient science, targeting component-conscious consumers who demand proven efficacy data.
3. Medical-Grade Skincare Brands & Institutions: Require highly biocompatible ingredients with clear reparative effects for professional scenarios like post-procedure care.

4.1.2 Value Propositions

1. Synergistic Efficacy: Provides an optimized SOD-CAT enzyme complex system for cascade antioxidant effects ("instant neutralization + long-term repair"), superior to single ingredients.
2. Scientific Credibility: Backed by third-party human efficacy reports and providing strong trustworthiness for marketing.
3. Green & Sustainable: Produced via synthetic biology, an eco-friendly process aligning with clean and sustainable beauty trends.

4.1.3 Channels

1. Direct Sales: Team directly engages with R&D and procurement departments of target brands.
2. Industry Trade Shows: Showcase technology at professional platforms like cosmetic ingredient exhibitions (e.g., PCHi).
3. KOL/KOC Science Education: Collaborate with science-focused skincare bloggers to educate end consumers, creating demand that pulls brand purchases.

4.1.4 Customer Relationships

1. Technical Partnership: Provide customers with in-depth technical support, formulation guidance, and co-development opportunities.
2. Science Education Community: Build a brand image of technical authority through content marketing in professional communities and social media.

4.1.5 Revenue Streams

1. Core Revenue: Sales of the high-purity SOD-CAT enzyme complex raw material.
2. Potential Revenue: Technology licensing fees, service fees for co-developing customized enzyme preparations.

4.1.6 Key Resources

1. Technical Barriers: Patents or trade secrets related to optimized engineered strains, fermentation processes, and enzyme formulations.
2. R&D Capability: A professional R&D team with expertise in synthetic biology and enzyme engineering.
3. Scientific Data: Comprehensive in vitro, in vivo efficacy, and safety validation reports.

4.1.7 Key Activities

1. R&D & Optimization: Continuous strain improvement, fermentation process scale-up, and enzyme stability research.
2. Production & Quality Control: Ensure scaled production and batch-to-batch consistency of the raw material.
3. Compliance & Registration: Complete the filing or registration of the new cosmetic ingredient.
4. Market Education & Technical Support: Communicate product value and provide application solutions to customers.

4.1.8 Key Partners

1. CROs/CMOs: Partner for scale-up production, enabling an "asset-light" operation model.
2. Third-Party Testing Institutions: Collaborate on authoritative efficacy and safety testing.
3. Academic & Research Institutions: Engage in cutting-edge technology collaboration to enhance R&D capabilities.

4.1.9 Cost Structure

1. Largest Costs: R&D costs (personnel, lab consumables) and clinical trial/efficacy verification costs.
2. Production Costs: Raw materials, fermentation, purification, and packaging.
3. Marketing Costs: Promotion, trade show participation, traffic acquisition, and educational content creation.
4. Administrative Costs: General operations, administration, and intellectual property maintenance.

Figure 4 Project Development

Notes:

1. Strain Construction
2. Small-scale Expression Validation
3. Fermentation & Purification Process
4. Pilot-scale Production
5. Formulation Stability Studies
6. Third Party Efficacy Data Generation
7. B2B Sample Preparation
8. Advance Commercial Partnerships

4.2.1 Phase 1: Technical Feasibility Validation (Months 1-6)

Objective: To successfully engineer microbial strains capable of efficiently expressing highly active SOD and CAT, and to preliminarily verify their synergistic antioxidant effect at laboratory scale.

Key Activities:

1. Strain Construction: Complete codon optimization of gene elements, plasmid construction, and transformation into host strains.
2. Small-scale Expression & Purification: Conduct expression tests in shake flasks and establish a small-scale purification process to obtain initial enzyme samples.
3. Activity Verification: Measure the activity of individual enzymes and their mixtures at different ratios to preliminarily validate the “1+1>2” synergistic effect.

Milestone: A laboratory-scale activity verification report confirming the fundamental technical feasibility of the project.

4.2.2 Phase 2: Process Optimization and Scale-up (Months 7-16)

Objective: To establish stable and scalable fermentation and purification processes, producing gram-to-kilogram quantities of standardized raw material for further testing.

Key Activities:

1. Fermentation Process Optimization: Optimize parameters (temperature, pH, induction conditions) in bioreactors (e.g., 5L-50L) for high-density fermentation and high expression yield.
2. Purification Process Scale-up: Scale up the purification workflow, optimizing the recovery rate and purity at each step to ensure batch-to-batch consistency.
3. Pilot-scale Production: Conduct pilot batches at scales of 100L or larger to validate process stability and cost controllability.

Milestone: Established Standard Operating Procedures and production of at least three pilot-scale batches meeting predefined quality standards.

4.2.3 Phase 3: Application and Efficacy Validation (Months 9-20)

Objective: To address the stability of the ingredient within cosmetic formulations and obtain third-party authoritative data for efficacy claims.

Key Activities:

1. Formulation Stability Studies: Collaborate with formulation experts to incorporate the ingredient into different bases and conduct accelerated stability tests to evaluate changes in its activity and physicochemical properties.
2. Efficacy Testing: Submit samples of the optimal formulation to third-party testing institutions for in vitro antioxidant assays and human clinical trials to obtain objective data supporting product claims.

Milestone: A third-party test report proving the stability and efficacy of the ingredient within a formulation.

4.2.4 Phase 4: Commercial Promotion and Partnership (Months 17-24+)

Objective: To initiate market promotion, establish connections with potential brand clients, and secure initial cooperation intent.

Key Activities:

1. Commercial Dossier Preparation: Develop a comprehensive package including technical documentation, safety data, efficacy data, and sample application guidelines.
2. Market Outreach: Attend industry conferences, engage in technical discussions with R&D departments of target brands, and provide samples for their evaluation.
3. Partnership Negotiation: Explore cooperation models based on client feedback.

Milestone: Signing NDAs and entering the sample testing phase with 1-2 target clients, achieving the first pilot cooperation order.

Table 1 Financial Planning

This risk management aims to systematically identify the main risks facing the project at the technical, operational, and commercial levels, and to develop practical mitigation strategies.

4.4.1 Technical Risks

1. Enzyme Activity Loss

As proteins, SOD and CAT may lose their activity during formulation, storage, or use in skincare products due to factors like temperature, pH, or preservatives, leading to final product failure.

Mitigation Strategies:

1. Early-stage Research: Conduct formulation studies early in the project to maximize enzyme stability by screening compatible bases, using stabilizers, and optimizing packaging.
2. Establish Standards: Set strict activity unit standards and stability testing criteria for the raw material, ensuring delivered batches consistently meet these specifications. Focus on guaranteeing input quality rather than making absolute promises about final product activity.
2. Failure in Scale-up Production

Processes successful at the laboratory (small) scale may encounter problems like decreased expression yield or lower purification efficiency when scaled up to pilot or industrial production levels.

Mitigation Strategies:

1. Process Optimization: Consider scalability feasibility during the process development phase, collaborating with experienced fermentation engineering teams.
2. Phased Verification: Strictly follow a scale-up path from shake flasks to small bioreactors, gradually moving to pilot scale, thoroughly validating process stability at each stage.

4.4.2 Operational Risk

1. Loss of Key Team Members

Startup projects heavily rely on the technical know-how of core members. The departure of key personnel can severely hinder project progress.

Mitigation Strategies:

1. Documentation: Mandate detailed, standardized documentation of all R&D processes. Establish comprehensive Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to embed knowledge within the organization, not just individuals.
2. Patent Protection: File patents for core technologies early to protect achievements legally, ensuring intellectual property remains with the company regardless of personnel changes.
3. Equity Incentives: Implement equity or option plans to align the long-term interests of core members with the company’s success.
2. Intellectual Property Infringement

Competitors might attempt to circumvent patent protection through methods like product analysis and develop imitations.

Mitigation Strategies:

1. Build a Patent Portfolio: Protect not only the final product but also key production processes and specific applications, creating a multi-layered IP protection net.
2. Confidentiality Agreements: Have all employees and partners sign strict Non-Disclosure Agreements and Non-Compete Agreements.

4.4.3 Commercial and Market Risk

1. Low Market Acceptance

Brands may be hesitant to adopt the new ingredient due to concerns about its stability, efficacy, or cost, preferring established, traditional antioxidants.

Mitigation Strategies:

1. Pilot Collaborations: Prioritize partnerships with innovative, pioneering brands willing to test new technologies, creating successful case studies to build momentum.
2. Consumer Education: Use educational content to communicate the science behind Bionic Antioxidants to end-consumers, creating market pull from the demand side.
2. Regulatory Approval Delays

As a new cosmetic ingredient, especially in regions with strict regulations, the registration and approval process may take longer than expected, delaying market entry.

Mitigation Strategies:

1. Expert Consultation: Hire consultants specialized in cosmetic regulations to ensure application dossiers are complete and compliant, improving approval efficiency.
2. Multi-Market Strategy: Simultaneously initiating applications in international markets with more flexible regulatory processes to diversify risk.

Our team is made of 23 people with various backgrounds. Details of each team member’s background can be viewed on our Team page. Our team members come from different cities and different schools, so we can utilize the resources more efficiently. Moreover , all of our team members have great personalities, are responsible and innovative in their work, and the communication between members have gone on very well, so our team is very coordinated and efficient, which provides a stable support for our startup project. In addition, we were well supported by a team of mentors with extensive knowledge and experience and skills in the field of synthetic biology as well as in communication and coordination. Many issues can be solved thanks to their suggestions, we have been able to make steady progress.

Figure 5 Stakeholder Analysis

Different stakeholders have different views on our project. This is reflected in the stakeholder matrix:

Figure 6 Stakeholder Matrix

Our technology will provide a safer anti-aging option for people with sensitive skin. Currently, many potent anti-aging ingredients tend to cause irritation and redness in those with sensitive skin. The SOD-CAT system mimics the body's own antioxidant mechanisms, significantly improving ingredient compatibility. This will allow consumers with sensitive skin to confidently choose anti-aging products in the future without excessive concern about allergic reactions.

In terms of environmental protection, our microbial fermentation production process is more eco-friendly than traditional chemical synthesis. This enables consumers to easily consider "green technology" products when making daily skincare purchases, thereby promoting the industry's shift toward greater sustainability.

As the technology matures and large-scale production is achieved, product prices will gradually become more affordable. This will not only allow more consumers to access effective anti-aging solutions at reasonable prices, but the high efficacy may also reduce repeated spending on ineffective products, ultimately lowering long-term skincare costs.

The high research and development costs of new technology may lead to relatively high initial product pricing. This could temporarily widen the gap between different income groups in accessing high-quality skincare resources, and it may take considerable time for prices to become more accessible.

Additionally, consumers need time to adapt to new concepts such as "synthetic biology." Some may have concerns about these technologies, similar to the initial skepticism toward organic products. This will require substantial market education and science communication to build trust.

Furthermore, the approval process for new ingredients is relatively cautious, and regulatory requirements are strict. This may affect the speed at which products reach the market. Consumers might have to wait longer to experience new products, which could slow down the widespread adoption of the technology.

To promote the healthy development of this technology, we recommend strengthening public science education by explaining the safety of the technology in easy-to-understand language. Efforts should be made to gradually make the technology more accessible so that a broader range of consumers can benefit. At the same time, close communication with regulatory authorities should be maintained to establish scientific and reasonable standards. Through these measures, we can leverage the advantages of the technology while effectively addressing potential challenges.